← All issues
Opioid dependency

Why did a pain medicine become the deadliest drug crisis in modern history?

60mn
people used opioids worldwide in 2021
WHO, 2021
59%
lower opioid-death risk for people kept on methadone after an overdose
Larochelle et al., Annals of Internal Medicine, 2018
The opioid epidemic began inside the medical system of wealthy countries, not on the street. It runs as a chain:

Opioids drag down life expectancy, even in wealthy countries. They take parents from families and push children into foster care.

Sharing needles to inject them also spreads HIV and hepatitis C: one rural Indiana county saw 181 new HIV infections in a single year after an outbreak tied to a single prescription opioid, with 92% of cases also carrying hepatitis C.

United States
High severity

The epicentre, where illicit fentanyl now drives a record overdose toll.

Synthetic opioids are now spreading into Europe and beyond, where systems are less prepared.